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Library Basics

Library of Congress Classification System

What is the Library of Congress? books icon

The Library of Congress (LC) is a classification system you are most likely to see in academic Libraries. It is divided into 21 classes and further divided which gives the books their number and letter call numbers.

How to Find Books Using LC

First is the classification number identified by a set of letters

This tells you what the subject is. The classifications are below.

 

The following numbers are further classes under the letters.

 

The third line is the cutter. It is usually followed by a decimal, but it isn't always the case. It is always imaginary or presumed there. Keep this in mind when looking for a specific book and do not see the decimal.

Did you know is most cases, the letter in the cutter represents the author's last name? Use this to help you look for your book as well.

Sometimes there is a second cutter line.

 

The last line is the publication year.

AC   Collections
AE    Encyclopedias (see also in REF section)
AG    Dictionaries (see also in REF sections)
AI      Indexes
AS     Academies in learned societies
AY      Yearbooks, almanacs, directories

 

B     Philosophy
BC    Logic
BD    Speculative philosophy
BF     Psychology
BJ     Ethics
BL    Religions, mythology, rationalism
BM    Judaism
BP     Islam
BQ     Buddhism
BR     Christianity
BS      The Bible
BT      Doctrinal theology
BV      Practical theology
BX      Christian denominations

C       Auxiliary Science of History
CB    History of Civilization
CC    Archaeology
CD     Diplomats, archives, seals
CJ      Numismatics
CN     Inscriptions
CR     Heraldry
CS      Genealogy
CT      Biography

D       History (general)
DA    Great Britain
DB    Austria, Liechtenstein, Hungary, Czechoslovakia
DC    France, Andorra, Monaco
DD    Germany
DE     Greco-Roman World
DF     Greece
DG     Italy
DJ     Netherlands
DK     Russia, Soviet Union, Former Soviet Republic
DL     Northern Europe, Scandinavia
DP     Spain, Portugal
DQ     Switzerland
DR     Balkan Peninsula
DS     Asia
DT     Africa
DU     Oceania
DX     Romantics

Does not have subclasses.

Does not have subclasses.

G      Geography
GA    Mathematical geography
GB    Physical geography
GC    Oceanography
GE    Environmental Science
GF    Human ecology
GN    Anthropology
GR    Folklore
GT    Manners, customs
GV    Recreation, leisure

H      Social science (general)
HA    Statistics
HB     Economic theory
HC     Economic history
HD     Industry, land use, labor
HE     Transportation, communications
HF     Commerce
HG     Finance
HJ      Public finance
HM     Sociology
HN     Social history, conditions, problems, reform
HQ     The family, marriage, women, sexuality
HS      Societies
HT      Communities, classes, races
HV      Social pathology, social and public welfare, criminology
HX      Socialism, communism, anarchism

J       General legislative and executive papers
JA    Political science
JC    Political theory
JF    Political institutions and public administrations
JJ     North American
JK    United States
JL    Canada, Latin America
JN    Europe
JQ    Asia, Africa, Pacific
JS    Local government
JV    Colonies, colonization, emigration, immigration, migration
JX    International law
JZ    International relations

K       Law (general)
KB    Religious Law
KD    United Kingdom and Ireland
KE     Canada
KF     United States
KG    Latin America
KH     South America
KJ     Europe
KL     Asia and Eurasia, Africa, Pacific area
KU    Australia and New Zealand
KZ     Law of Nations

L      Education (general)
LA    History of education
LB    Education theory
LC    Special aspects of education
LD    Individual institutions (United States)

M    Music (general)
ML   Literature on music
MT   Instruction and study

N      Visual Arts
NA    Architecture
NB   Sculpture
NC   Drawing, design, illustration
ND   Paining
NE   Print media
NK   Decorative arts
NX    Arts (general)

The first half of this contains different language categories, grammar books, journalism guides, and books about media.

The second half contains classic (PR), leisure (generally PR, PS, PT), and young adult literature (PZ).

 

 

Q     Science (general)
QA   Math
QB    Astronomy
QC    Physics
QD    Chemistry
QE     Geology
QH     Natural history, biology
QK     Botany
QL      Zoology
QM     Human anatomy
QP     Physiology
QR     Microbiology

R      Medicine (general)
RA    Public aspects of medicine
RB    Pathology
RC    Internal medicine
RD     Surgery
RE     Eyes
RF     Head and Neck
RG    Gynecology and Obstetrics
RJ     Pediatrics
RK    Dentistry
RL    Dermatology
RM    Therapeutics, pharmacology
RT     Nursing
RV     Botanic, Eclectic medicine
RX     Homeopathy
RZ     Others

S      Agriculture (general)
SB    Horticulture, plant propagation, breeding
SD    Forestry, aboriculture
SF     Animal husbandry, science
SH     Aquaculutre, fisheries
SK      Hunting

T     Technology
TA    Engineering
TC    Hydraulic
TD    Environmental
TE    Highway
TF     Railroad
TG     Bridges
TH     Building construction
TJ      Mechanical
TK      Electrical, electronics, nuclear
TL      Motor vehicles, aeronautics, astronauts
TN     Mining
TP     Chemical
TR      Photography
TS      Mass production
TT      Handicrafts, arts, crafts
TX      Home economics

U       Military science (general)
UA    Armies
UB    Military administration
UC    Military maintenance, transportation
UD    Infantry
UE     Cavalry, armor
UF     Artillery
UG    Military engineering, Air forces
UG    Other

V       Naval Science (general)
VA    Navies
VB    Naval administration
VC    Naval maintenance
VD    Naval seamen
VE     Marines
VF     Naval ordnance
VG     Minor services
VK      Navigation
VM     Architecture, shipbuilding, engineering

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